A new paper by Kevin Campagna et al., titled “Windows, fans, and solar shadings during summer and heatwave: Occupant behavior and potential for improvement in heat-mitigation practices,” presents the largest dataset to date on summer occupant behavior in French residential buildings.

Based on monitoring 76 dwellings across three regions during summer 2023, the study analyzes how occupants use windows, solar shadings, and fans, individually and in combination. Results show strong diversity in behaviors, very low fan use compared to other countries, and no clear temperature cutoff for night-time window opening, reflecting distinct night cooling strategies.

During heatwaves, adaptive behaviors are observed, yet the potential for improved heat-mitigation practices remains high, averaging 40% and reaching up to 75%, particularly through better daytime window management. The findings support the development of more realistic occupant behavior models during summer and heatwave, as well as guidance for future awareness campaigns promoting heat-mitigation practices of occupants.

Read the paper here.